Tuesday, October 25, 2016

Lamuzid




Lamuzid may be available in the countries listed below.


Ingredient matches for Lamuzid



Lamivudine

Lamivudine is reported as an ingredient of Lamuzid in the following countries:


  • Ethiopia

  • Myanmar

Zidovudine

Zidovudine is reported as an ingredient of Lamuzid in the following countries:


  • Ethiopia

  • Myanmar

International Drug Name Search

Monday, October 24, 2016

Furorese




Furorese may be available in the countries listed below.


Ingredient matches for Furorese



Furosemide

Furosemide is reported as an ingredient of Furorese in the following countries:


  • Czech Republic

  • Germany

  • Luxembourg

  • Slovakia

Furosemide sodium (a derivative of Furosemide) is reported as an ingredient of Furorese in the following countries:


  • Germany

International Drug Name Search

Hyoscyamine Tablets



Pronunciation: HYE-oh-SYE-a-meen
Generic Name: Hyoscyamine
Brand Name: Examples include A-Spaz and Levsin/SL


Hyoscyamine is used for:

Treating certain stomach, intestinal, and bladder conditions, including spasms. It is used to control stomach secretions and cramps. It is used to relieve the symptoms of colic, runny nose, and Parkinson-like problems. It is used to treat excessive sweating or saliva production. It may also be used for other conditions as determined by your doctor.


Hyoscyamine is an anticholinergic agent. It works by decreasing the motion of muscles in the stomach, intestines, and bladder. It also decreases the production of stomach acid.


Do NOT use Hyoscyamine if:


  • you are allergic to any ingredient in Hyoscyamine

  • you have severe esophagus problems (eg, irritation, narrowing); a blockage of the stomach, bowel, or bladder; bowel motility problems; or severe bowel problems (eg, severe ulcerative colitis, toxic megacolon)

  • you have glaucoma, myasthenia gravis, or heart problems caused by severe bleeding

Contact your doctor or health care provider right away if any of these apply to you.



Before using Hyoscyamine:


Some medical conditions may interact with Hyoscyamine. Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you have any medical conditions, especially if any of the following apply to you:


  • if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or are breast-feeding

  • if you are taking any prescription or nonprescription medicine, herbal preparation, or dietary supplement

  • if you have allergies to medicines, foods, or other substances

  • if you have nerve problems, prostate problems, esophagus problems (eg, reflux), stomach or bowel problems, heart or blood vessel problems (eg, fast or irregular heartbeat, heart failure, coronary heart disease), hiatal hernia, kidney problems, an overactive thyroid, high blood pressure, urinary problems, paralysis, or brain damage, or if you are at risk for glaucoma

  • if you have diarrhea or fever, have been very ill, or are in poor health

Some MEDICINES MAY INTERACT with Hyoscyamine. Tell your health care provider if you are taking any other medicines, especially any of the following:


  • Amantadine, antihistamines (eg, diphenhydramine), haloperidol, monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) (eg, phenelzine), other anticholinergics (eg, scopolamine), phenothiazines (eg, thioridazine), or tricyclic antidepressants (eg, amitriptyline) because they may increase the risk of Hyoscyamine's side effects

  • Narcotic pain medicines (eg, codeine) or potassium chloride because the risk of their side effects may be increased by Hyoscyamine

  • Ketoconazole or metoclopramide because their effectiveness may be decreased by Hyoscyamine

This may not be a complete list of all interactions that may occur. Ask your health care provider if Hyoscyamine may interact with other medicines that you take. Check with your health care provider before you start, stop, or change the dose of any medicine.


How to use Hyoscyamine:


Use Hyoscyamine as directed by your doctor. Check the label on the medicine for exact dosing instructions.


  • Hyoscyamine is usually taken 30 to 60 minutes before a meal. Follow your doctor's instructions for taking Hyoscyamine.

  • You may swallow this tablet, chew it, or allow it to dissolve under the tongue.

  • If you also take antacids, take Hyoscyamine before meals and the antacid after meals, unless directed otherwise by your doctor.

  • If you miss a dose of Hyoscyamine, take it as soon as possible. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not take 2 doses at once.

Ask your health care provider any questions you may have about how to use Hyoscyamine.



Important safety information:


  • Hyoscyamine may cause drowsiness, dizziness, blurred vision, or lightheadedness. These effects may be worse if you take it with alcohol or certain medicines. Use Hyoscyamine with caution. Do not drive or perform other possibly unsafe tasks until you know how you react to it.

  • Do not drink alcohol or use medicines that may cause drowsiness (eg, sleep aids, muscle relaxers) while you are using Hyoscyamine; it may add to their effects. Ask your pharmacist if you have questions about which medicines may cause drowsiness.

  • Do NOT take more than the recommended dose or use for longer than prescribed without checking with your doctor.

  • Do not become overheated or dehydrated in hot weather or while you are being active; heatstroke may occur.

  • Drink plenty of fluids, maintain good oral hygiene, and suck on sugarless hard candy to relieve dry mouth.

  • Proper dental care is important while you are taking Hyoscyamine. Brush and floss your teeth and visit the dentist regularly.

  • Hyoscyamine may make your eyes more sensitive to sunlight. It may help to wear sunglasses.

  • Tell your doctor or dentist that you take Hyoscyamine before you receive any medical or dental care, emergency care, or surgery.

  • Use Hyoscyamine with caution in the ELDERLY; they may be more sensitive to its effects, especially constipation, trouble urinating, dry mouth, drowsiness, agitation, confusion, excitability, or memory problems.

  • Caution is advised when using Hyoscyamine in CHILDREN; they may be more sensitive to its effects, including excitability.

  • Hyoscyamine should be used with extreme caution in CHILDREN younger than 2 years old; safety and effectiveness in these children have not been confirmed.

  • PREGNANCY and BREAST-FEEDING: It is not known if Hyoscyamine can cause harm to the fetus. If you become pregnant, contact your doctor. You will need to discuss the benefits and risks of using Hyoscyamine while you are pregnant. Hyoscyamine is found in breast milk. If you are or will be breast-feeding while taking Hyoscyamine, check with your doctor. Discuss any possible risks to your baby.


Possible side effects of Hyoscyamine:


All medicines may cause side effects, but many people have no, or minor side effects. Check with your doctor if any of these most COMMON side effects persist or become bothersome:



Bloated feeling; blurred vision; constipation; decreased sweating; dizziness; drowsiness; dry mouth; enlarged pupils; excitability; headache; nausea; nervousness; trouble sleeping; weakness.



Seek medical attention right away if any of these SEVERE side effects occur:

Severe allergic reactions (rash; hives; itching; difficulty breathing; tightness in the chest; swelling of the mouth, face, lips, or tongue); agitation; behavior changes; confusion; decreased sexual ability; diarrhea; difficulty focusing eyes; disorientation; exaggerated sense of well-being; fast or irregular heartbeat; hallucinations; loss of consciousness; loss of coordination; memory loss; mental or mood changes; severe or persistent trouble sleeping; speech changes; taste changes or loss; trouble urinating; unusual tiredness or weakness; vision changes; vomiting.



This is not a complete list of all side effects that may occur. If you have questions about side effects, contact your health care provider. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. To report side effects to the appropriate agency, please read the Guide to Reporting Problems to FDA.


See also: Hyoscyamine side effects (in more detail)


If OVERDOSE is suspected:


Contact 1-800-222-1222 (the American Association of Poison Control Centers), your local poison control center, or emergency room immediately. Symptoms may include disorientation; excessive thirst or excitability; fever; hot, dry skin; seizures; severe dry mouth; severe or persistent blurred vision, dizziness, headache, nausea, or vomiting; trouble breathing or swallowing.


Proper storage of Hyoscyamine:

Store Hyoscyamine at room temperature, between 59 and 86 degrees F (15 and 30 degrees C). Store away from heat, moisture, and light. Do not store in the bathroom. Keep Hyoscyamine out of the reach of children and away from pets.


General information:


  • If you have any questions about Hyoscyamine, please talk with your doctor, pharmacist, or other health care provider.

  • Hyoscyamine is to be used only by the patient for whom it is prescribed. Do not share it with other people.

  • If your symptoms do not improve or if they become worse, check with your doctor.

  • Check with your pharmacist about how to dispose of unused medicine.

This information is a summary only. It does not contain all information about Hyoscyamine. If you have questions about the medicine you are taking or would like more information, check with your doctor, pharmacist, or other health care provider.



Issue Date: February 1, 2012

Database Edition 12.1.1.002

Copyright © 2012 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

More Hyoscyamine resources


  • Hyoscyamine Side Effects (in more detail)
  • Hyoscyamine Use in Pregnancy & Breastfeeding
  • Drug Images
  • Hyoscyamine Drug Interactions
  • Hyoscyamine Support Group
  • 20 Reviews for Hyoscyamine - Add your own review/rating


Compare Hyoscyamine with other medications


  • Anesthesia
  • Crohn's Disease
  • Endoscopy or Radiology Premedication
  • Irritable Bowel Syndrome
  • Urinary Incontinence

typhoid vaccine, inactivated Subcutaneous, Injection


TYE-foid VAX-een, in-AK-ti-vay-ted


Uses For typhoid vaccine, inactivated

Typhoid fever is a serious disease that can cause death. It is caused by a germ called Salmonella typhi and is spread most often through infected food or water. Typhoid may also be spread by close person-to-person contact with infected persons (such as occurs with persons living in the same household). Some infected persons do not appear to be sick, but they can still spread the germ to others.


Typhoid fever is rare in the U.S. and in other areas of the world that have good water and sewage (waste) systems. However, it is a problem in parts of the world that do not have such systems. If you are traveling to certain countries, or to remote, out-of-the-way areas, typhoid vaccine will help protect you from typhoid fever. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control (CDC) currently recommend caution in the following areas of the world:


  • Africa

  • Asia

  • Latin America

Typhoid vaccine given by injection helps prevent typhoid fever but does not provide 100% protection. Therefore, it is very important to avoid infected persons and food and water that may be infected, even if you have received the vaccine.


To get the best possible protection against typhoid, you should complete the vaccine dosing schedule at least 1 week before you travel to areas where you may be exposed to typhoid.


Also, if you will be traveling regularly to parts of the world where typhoid is a problem, you should get a booster (repeat) dose of the vaccine every 3 years.


Typhoid vaccine is to be used only by or under the supervision of a doctor.


Before Using typhoid vaccine, inactivated


In deciding to use a vaccine, the risks of taking the vaccine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For this vaccine, the following should be considered:


Allergies


Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to typhoid vaccine, inactivated or any other medicines. Also tell your health care professional if you have any other types of allergies, such as to foods, dyes, preservatives, or animals. For non-prescription products, read the label or package ingredients carefully.


Pediatric


Typhoid vaccine is not recommended for infants and children up to 6 months of age. For infants and children 6 months of age and over, this vaccine is not expected to cause different side effects or problems than it does in adults.


Geriatric


Many medicines have not been studied specifically in older people. Therefore, it may not be known whether they work exactly the same way they do in younger adults. Although there is no specific information comparing use of typhoid vaccine in the elderly with use in other age groups, this vaccine is not expected to cause different side effects or problems in older people than it does in younger adults.


Interactions with Medicines


Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. When you are receiving this vaccine, it is especially important that your healthcare professional know if you are taking any of the medicines listed below. The following interactions have been selected on the basis of their potential significance and are not necessarily all-inclusive.


Receiving this vaccine with any of the following medicines is usually not recommended, but may be required in some cases. If both medicines are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use one or both of the medicines.


  • Tacrolimus

Interactions with Food/Tobacco/Alcohol


Certain medicines should not be used at or around the time of eating food or eating certain types of food since interactions may occur. Using alcohol or tobacco with certain medicines may also cause interactions to occur. Discuss with your healthcare professional the use of your medicine with food, alcohol, or tobacco.


Other Medical Problems


The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of this vaccine. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially:


  • Previous sensitivity reaction to typhoid vaccine—Use of typhoid vaccine is not recommended

  • Severe illness with fever—The symptoms of the condition may be confused with the side effects of the vaccine

Proper Use of typhoid vaccine, inactivated


It is important that you complete the full vaccine dosing schedule. If all the doses are not taken or if doses are not taken at the correct times, the vaccine may not work properly.


Dosing


The dose of typhoid vaccine, inactivated will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of typhoid vaccine, inactivated. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so.


The amount of medicine that you take depends on the strength of the medicine. Also, the number of doses you take each day, the time allowed between doses, and the length of time you take the medicine depend on the medical problem for which you are using the medicine.


typhoid vaccine, inactivated Side Effects


Along with its needed effects, a vaccine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention. It is very important that you tell your doctor about any side effects that occur after a dose of typhoid vaccine, even though the side effect may have gone away without treatment. Some types of side effects may mean that you should not receive any more doses of typhoid vaccine.


Check with your doctor immediately if any of the following side effects occur:


Rare
  • Chest pain

  • difficulty in breathing or swallowing

  • hives

  • itching, especially of feet or hands

  • joint pain

  • reddening of skin, especially around ears

  • swelling of eyes, face, or inside of nose

  • unusual tiredness or weakness (sudden and severe)

Some side effects may occur that usually do not need medical attention. These side effects may go away during treatment as your body adjusts to the medicine. Also, your health care professional may be able to tell you about ways to prevent or reduce some of these side effects. Check with your health care professional if any of the following side effects continue or are bothersome or if you have any questions about them:


More common
  • Fever

  • general feeling of discomfort or illness

  • headache

  • muscle pain

  • pain, redness, or swelling at place of injection

Other side effects not listed may also occur in some patients. If you notice any other effects, check with your healthcare professional.


Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

See also: typhoid vaccine, inactivated Subcutaneous, Injection side effects (in more detail)



The information contained in the Thomson Reuters Micromedex products as delivered by Drugs.com is intended as an educational aid only. It is not intended as medical advice for individual conditions or treatment. It is not a substitute for a medical exam, nor does it replace the need for services provided by medical professionals. Talk to your doctor, nurse or pharmacist before taking any prescription or over the counter drugs (including any herbal medicines or supplements) or following any treatment or regimen. Only your doctor, nurse, or pharmacist can provide you with advice on what is safe and effective for you.


The use of the Thomson Reuters Healthcare products is at your sole risk. These products are provided "AS IS" and "as available" for use, without warranties of any kind, either express or implied. Thomson Reuters Healthcare and Drugs.com make no representation or warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, timeliness, usefulness or completeness of any of the information contained in the products. Additionally, THOMSON REUTERS HEALTHCARE MAKES NO REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTIES AS TO THE OPINIONS OR OTHER SERVICE OR DATA YOU MAY ACCESS, DOWNLOAD OR USE AS A RESULT OF USE OF THE THOMSON REUTERS HEALTHCARE PRODUCTS. ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR USE ARE HEREBY EXCLUDED. Thomson Reuters Healthcare does not assume any responsibility or risk for your use of the Thomson Reuters Healthcare products.


More typhoid vaccine, inactivated Subcutaneous, Injection resources


  • Typhoid vaccine, inactivated Subcutaneous, Injection Side Effects (in more detail)
  • Typhoid vaccine, inactivated Subcutaneous, Injection Use in Pregnancy & Breastfeeding
  • Typhoid vaccine, inactivated Subcutaneous, Injection Drug Interactions
  • Typhoid vaccine, inactivated Subcutaneous, Injection Support Group
  • 0 Reviews for Typhoid vaccine, inactivated Subcutaneous, Injection - Add your own review/rating


Compare typhoid vaccine, inactivated Subcutaneous, Injection with other medications


  • Typhoid Prophylaxis

Friday, October 21, 2016

Clavurol




Clavurol may be available in the countries listed below.


Ingredient matches for Clavurol



Amoxicillin

Amoxicillin trihydrate (a derivative of Amoxicillin) is reported as an ingredient of Clavurol in the following countries:


  • Ecuador

Clavulanate

Clavulanic Acid potassium (a derivative of Clavulanic Acid) is reported as an ingredient of Clavurol in the following countries:


  • Ecuador

International Drug Name Search

Bar-Test oral and rectal


Generic Name: barium sulfate (oral and rectal) (BER ee um SUL fate)

Brand Names: Anatrast, Bar-Test, Baricon, Baro-Cat, Barosperse, Bear-E-Yum GI, CheeTah, CheeTah Butterscotch, CheeTah Chocolaty-Fudge, CheeTah Orange, CheeTah Raspberry, Digibar 190, E-Z AC, E-Z Disk, E-Z Dose Kit with Polibar Plus, E-Z Paste, E-Z-Cat, E-Z-Cat Dry, E-Z-HD, E-Z-Paque, Enecat, Eneset 2, Enhancer, Entero VU, Entero-H, Entrobar, Esopho-Cat, Intropaste, Liqui-Coat HD, Liquid Barosperse, Liquid E-Z Paque, Liquid Polibar, Liquid Polibar Plus, Maxibar, Medebar Plus, Medebar Super 250, Polibar ACB, Readi-Cat, Readi-Cat 2, Scan C, Sitzmarks, Smoothie Readi-Cat 2, Sol-O-Pake, Tagitol V, Tonojug, Tonopaque, Varibar Honey, Varibar Nectar, Varibar Pudding, Varibar Thin, Varibar Thin Honey, Volumen


What is barium sulfate?

Barium sulfate is in a group of drugs called contrast agents. Barium sulfate works by coating the inside of your esophagus, stomach, or intestines which allows them to be seen more clearly on a CT scan or other radiologic (x-ray) examination.


Barium sulfate is used to help diagnose certain disorders of the esophagus, stomach, or intestines.


Barium sulfate may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide.


What is the most important information I should know about barium sulfate?


You should not use this medication if you are allergic to barium sulfate. Tell your doctor if you have ever had an allergic reaction to a contrast agent.

Before you use barium sulfate, tell your doctor if you have any allergies, or if you have asthma, cystic fibrosis, heart disease or high blood pressure, rectal cancer, a colostomy, a blockage in your stomach or intestines, a condition called pseudotumor cerebri, or if you have recently had a rectal biopsy or surgery on your esophagus, stomach, or intestines.


Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or breast-feeding before your medical test.

Carefully follow your doctor's instructions about what to eat or drink within the 24-hour period before your test.


Serious side effects of barium sulfate may include severe stomach pain, sweating, ringing in your ears, pale skin, weakness, or severe cramping, diarrhea, or constipation

What should I discuss with my health care provider before using barium sulfate?


You should not use barium sulfate if you are allergic to it. Tell your doctor if you have ever had an allergic reaction to a contrast agent.

To make sure you can safely use barium sulfate, tell your doctor if you have any of these other conditions:



  • asthma, eczema, or allergies;




  • a blockage in your stomach or intestines;




  • cystic fibrosis;




  • a colostomy;




  • rectal cancer;




  • heart disease or high blood pressure;




  • Hirschsprung's disease (a disorder of the intestines);




  • a condition called pseudotumor cerebri (high pressure inside the skull that may cause headaches, vision loss, or other symptoms);




  • a recent history of surgery on your esophagus, stomach, or intestines;




  • a history of perforation (a hole or tear) in your esophagus, stomach, or intestines;




  • if you have recently had a rectal biopsy;




  • if you have ever choked on food by accidentally inhaling it into your lungs;




  • if you are allergic to simethicone (Gas-X, Phazyme, and others); or




  • if you are allergic to latex rubber.




It is not known whether barium sulfate will harm an unborn baby, but the radiation used in x-rays and CT scans may be harmful. Before your medical test, tell your doctor if you are pregnant. Barium sulfate may pass into breast milk and could harm a nursing baby. Before your medical test, tell your doctor if you are breast-feeding a baby.

How should I use barium sulfate?


Use this medication exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Do not use it in larger amounts or for longer than recommended.


Barium sulfate comes in tablets, paste, cream, or liquid forms.


In some cases, barium sulfate is taken by mouth. The liquid form may also be used as a rectal enema.


You may need to begin using this medication at home a day before your medical test. Follow your doctor's instructions about how much of the medication to use and how often.


If you are receiving barium sulfate as a rectal enema, a healthcare professional will give you the medication at the clinic or hospital where your testing will take place.


Do not crush, chew, or break a barium sulfate tablet. Swallow the pill whole.

Dissolve the barium sulfate powder in a small amount of water. Stir this mixture and drink all of it right away. To make sure you get the entire dose, add a little more water to the same glass, swirl gently and drink right away.


If you receive the medication as a liquid to take by mouth, shake the liquid well just before you measure a dose. To be sure you get the correct dose, measure the liquid with a marked measuring spoon or medicine cup, not with a regular table spoon. If you do not have a dose-measuring device, ask your pharmacist for one.

Carefully follow your doctor's instructions about what to eat or drink within the 24-hour period before your test.


Store at room temperature away from heat and moisture. Keep the bottle tightly closed when not in use.

What happens if I miss a dose?


If you are using barium sulfate at home, call your doctor for instructions if you miss a dose.


What happens if I overdose?


Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222.

Overdose symptoms may include severe stomach pain, ongoing diarrhea, confusion, or weakness.


What should I avoid before or after using barium sulfate?


Follow your doctor's instructions about any restrictions on food, beverages, or activity.


Barium sulfate side effects


Get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Call your doctor at once if you have a serious side effect such as:

  • severe stomach pain;




  • severe cramping, diarrhea, or constipation;




  • sweating;




  • ringing in your ears;




  • confusion, fast heart rate; or




  • pale skin, weakness.



Less serious side effects may include:



  • mild stomach cramps;




  • nausea, vomiting;




  • loose stools or mild constipation.



This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.


What other drugs will affect barium sulfate?


There may be other drugs that can interact with barium sulfate. Tell your doctor about all medications you use. This includes prescription, over-the-counter, vitamin, and herbal products. Do not start a new medication without telling your doctor.



More Bar-Test resources


  • Bar-Test Side Effects (in more detail)
  • Bar-Test Use in Pregnancy & Breastfeeding
  • Bar-Test Support Group
  • 0 Reviews for Bar-Test - Add your own review/rating


Compare Bar-Test with other medications


  • Computed Tomography


Where can I get more information?


  • Your doctor or pharmacist can provide more information about barium sulfate.

See also: Bar-Test side effects (in more detail)


aminoglycoside Inhalation, Irrigation, Parenteral


Class Name: aminoglycoside (Inhalation route, Irrigation route, Parenteral route)


Commonly used brand name(s):


In the U.S.


  • Tobi

Available Dosage Forms:


  • Solution

Uses For This Medicine

Aminoglycosides are used to treat serious bacterial infections. They work by killing bacteria or preventing their growth.


Aminoglycosides are given by injection to treat serious bacterial infections in many different parts of the body. In addition, some aminoglycosides may be given by irrigation (applying a solution of the medicine to the skin or mucous membranes or washing out a body cavity) or by inhalation into the lungs. Streptomycin may also be given for tuberculosis (TB). These medicines may be given with 1 or more other medicines for bacterial infections, or they may be given alone. Aminoglycosides may also be used for other conditions as determined by your doctor. However, aminoglycosides will not work for colds, flu, or other virus infections.


Aminoglycosides given by injection are usually used for serious bacterial infections for which other medicines may not work. However, aminoglycosides may also cause some serious side effects, including damage to your hearing, sense of balance, and kidneys. These side effects may be more likely to occur in elderly patients and newborn infants. You and your doctor should talk about the good these medicines may do as well as the risks of receiving them.


Aminoglycosides are to be administered only by or under the immediate supervision of your doctor.


Before Using This Medicine


Allergies


Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to medicines in this group or any other medicines. Also tell your health care professional if you have any other types of allergies, such as to foods dyes, preservatives, or animals. For non-prescription products, read the label or package ingredients carefully.


Pediatric


Children are especially sensitive to the effects of aminoglycosides. Damage to hearing, sense of balance, and kidneys is more likely to occur in premature infants and neonates.


Geriatric


Elderly people are especially sensitive to the effects of aminoglycosides. Serious side effects, such as damage to hearing, sense of balance, and kidneys may occur in elderly patients.


Pregnancy


Studies on most of the aminoglycosides have not been done in pregnant women. Some reports have shown that aminoglycosides, especially streptomycin and tobramycin, may cause damage to the infant's hearing, sense of balance, and kidneys if the mother was receiving the medicine during pregnancy. However, this medicine may be needed in serious diseases or other situations that threaten the mother's life. Be sure you have discussed this with your doctor.


Breast Feeding


Aminoglycosides pass into breast milk in small amounts. However, they are not absorbed very much when taken by mouth. To date, aminoglycosides have not been reported to cause problems in nursing babies.


Interactions with Medicines


Using medicines in this class with any of the following medicines is usually not recommended, but may be required in some cases. If both medicines are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use one or both of the medicines.


  • Alcuronium

  • Atracurium

  • Cidofovir

  • Cisatracurium

  • Decamethonium

  • Doxacurium

  • Ethacrynic Acid

  • Fazadinium

  • Furosemide

  • Gallamine

  • Hexafluorenium

  • Lysine

  • Metocurine

  • Mivacurium

  • Pancuronium

  • Pipecuronium

  • Rapacuronium

  • Rocuronium

  • Succinylcholine

  • Tacrolimus

  • Tubocurarine

  • Vancomycin

  • Vecuronium

Interactions with Food/Tobacco/Alcohol


Certain medicines should not be used at or around the time of eating food or eating certain types of food since interactions may occur. Using alcohol or tobacco with certain medicines may also cause interactions to occur. Discuss with your healthcare professional the use of your medicine with food, alcohol, or tobacco.


Other Medical Problems


The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of medicines in this class. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially:


  • Kidney disease—Patients with kidney disease may have increased aminoglycoside blood levels and increased chance of side effects.

  • Loss of hearing and/or balance (eighth-cranial-nerve disease)—High aminoglycoside blood levels may cause hearing loss or balance disturbances.

  • Myasthenia gravis or

  • Parkinson's disease—Aminoglycosides may cause muscular problems, resulting in further muscle weakness.

Proper Use of This Medicine


To help clear up your infection completely, aminoglycosides must be given for the full time of treatment, even if you begin to feel better after a few days. Also, this medicine works best when there is a certain amount in the blood or urine. To help keep the correct level, aminoglycosides must be given on a regular schedule.


Dosing


The dose medicines in this class will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of these medicines. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so.


The amount of medicine that you take depends on the strength of the medicine. Also, the number of doses you take each day, the time allowed between doses, and the length of time you take the medicine depend on the medical problem for which you are using the medicine.


The dose of most aminoglycosides is based on body weight and must be determined by your doctor. The medicine is injected into a muscle or vein. Depending on the aminoglycoside prescribed, doses are given at different times and for different lengths of time. These times are as follows:


  • For amikacin

  • For all dosage forms:
    • Adults and children: The dose is given every eight or twelve hours for seven to ten days.

    • Newborn babies: The dose is given every twelve hours for seven to ten days.

    • Premature babies: The dose is given every eighteen to twenty-four hours for seven to ten days.


  • For gentamicin

  • For all dosage forms:
    • Adults and children: The dose is given every eight hours for seven to ten days or more.

    • Infants: The dose is given every eight to sixteen hours for seven to ten days or more.

    • Premature and full-term newborn babies: The dose is given every twelve to twenty-four hours for seven to ten days or more.


  • For kanamicin

  • For all dosage forms:
    • Adults and children: The dose is given every eight or twelve hours for seven to ten days.


  • For netilmicin

  • For all dosage forms:
    • Adults and children: The dose is given every eight or twelve hours for seven to fourteen days.


  • For streptomycin

  • For all dosage forms:
    • The dose of streptomycin is often not based on body weight and the amount given depends on the disease being treated.
      • Treatment of tuberculosis (TB):
        • Adults: Dose is based on body weight and must be determined by your doctor. This dose is injected into a muscle. The dosing schedule will also be determined by your doctor, usually once daily or twice weekly or three times-a-week. This medicine must be given with other medicines for tuberculosis (TB).

        • Children and adolescents: Dose is based on body weight and must be determined by your doctor. This dose is injected into a muscle. The dosing schedule will also be determined by your doctor, usually once daily or twice weekly or three times-a-week. This medicine must be given with other medicines for tuberculosis (TB).


      • Treatment of bacterial infections:
        • Adults: 250 to 500 milligrams of streptomycin is injected into a muscle every six hours; or 500 milligrams to 1 gram of streptomycin is injected into a muscle every twelve hours.

        • Children and adolescents: Dose is based on body weight and must be determined by your doctor. This dose is injected into a muscle every six to twelve hours.




  • For tobramycin

  • For all dosage forms:
    • Adults and adolescents: The dose is given every six to eight hours for seven to ten days or more.

    • Older infants and children: The dose is given every six to sixteen hours.

    • Premature and full-term newborn babies: The dose is given every twelve to twenty-four hours.


Side Effects of This Medicine


Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention.


Check with your doctor immediately if any of the following side effects occur:


More common
  • Any loss of hearing

  • clumsiness or unsteadiness

  • dizziness

  • greatly increased or decreased frequency of urination or amount of urine

  • increased thirst

  • loss of appetite

  • muscle twitching, or convulsions (seizures

  • nausea or vomiting

  • numbness, tingling, or burning of face or mouth (streptomycin only)

  • ringing or buzzing or a feeling of fullness in the ears

Less common
  • Any loss of vision (streptomycin only)

  • skin rash, itching, redness, or swelling

Rare - Once-daily or high dose gentamicin only-
  • Chills

  • fever

  • shaking

Rare - All aminoglycosides-

In addition, leg cramps, skin rash, fever, and convulsions (seizures) may occur when gentamicin is given by injection into the muscle or a vein, and into the spinal fluid.


  • Difficulty in breathing

  • drowsiness

  • weakness

After you stop using this medicine, it may still produce some side effects that need attention. During this period of time, check with your doctor immediately if you notice the following side effects:


  • Any loss of hearing

  • clumsiness or unsteadiness

  • dizziness

  • greatly increased or decreased frequency of urination or amount of urine

  • increased thirst

  • loss of appetite

  • nausea or vomiting

  • ringing or buzzing or a feeling of fullness in the ears

Other side effects not listed may also occur in some patients. If you notice any other effects, check with your healthcare professional.


Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.



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